Can You Legally Own an Owl in Arizona?

AvatarByMargaret Shultz Owl, Raptors & Birds of Prey

Owls have long fascinated people with their mysterious nocturnal habits, striking appearance, and symbolic presence in cultures around the world. For those enchanted by these majestic birds, the idea of owning an owl as a pet can be incredibly appealing. However, when it comes to keeping such a wild and unique creature in Arizona, there are important considerations to keep in mind. Understanding the legal and ethical aspects is essential before embarking on the journey of owl ownership.

In Arizona, the regulations surrounding the possession of owls are shaped by both state and federal laws designed to protect wildlife and ensure their well-being. These rules address not only the types of owls that can be kept but also the permits, care requirements, and restrictions involved. Beyond legality, potential owners must also consider the challenges of meeting the specialized needs of owls, which differ greatly from typical household pets.

This article will explore the fascinating topic of owl ownership in Arizona, providing an overview of the legal framework, the responsibilities involved, and what prospective owners should know before making a commitment. Whether you’re a wildlife enthusiast or simply curious, gaining a clear understanding of this subject will help you appreciate the complexities of living alongside these extraordinary birds.

Legal Requirements for Owning an Owl in Arizona

In Arizona, owning an owl is subject to strict regulations primarily governed by state wildlife laws and federal protections. Due to their status as protected wildlife and migratory birds, owls cannot be owned as traditional pets without appropriate permits.

To legally possess an owl, individuals must obtain:

  • A Special Purpose Possession Permit issued by the Arizona Game and Fish Department (AZGFD). This permit is typically granted for educational, scientific, or rehabilitation purposes.
  • Compliance with the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA), which protects most owl species as migratory birds, prohibiting their capture, possession, or sale without federal authorization.
  • Additional permits from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) if the owl species is federally protected or listed under the Endangered Species Act.

Failing to secure these permits can result in fines, confiscation of the bird, and potential criminal charges.

Types of Owls and Their Legal Status in Arizona

Not all owl species are treated equally under the law. Some species are more strictly protected due to their conservation status, while others may have specific regulations regarding their possession.

Owl Species Legal Status in Arizona Permit Required
Great Horned Owl Protected under MBTA and Arizona state law Special Purpose Possession Permit + Federal Permit
Burrowing Owl Species of concern; protected under MBTA and state regulations Special Purpose Possession Permit + Federal Permit; typically restricted
Western Screech Owl Protected under MBTA Special Purpose Possession Permit + Federal Permit
Barn Owl Protected under MBTA; commonly used in falconry with permits Falconry or Special Purpose Permit

Permits and Application Process

The process to obtain a permit to own or care for an owl in Arizona involves several steps:

  • Application Submission: Submit a detailed application to the AZGFD, including the purpose of possession, detailed care plans, and proof of experience or qualifications.
  • Facility Inspection: The department may conduct an inspection of the proposed housing facility to ensure it meets welfare standards.
  • Background Check: Applicants may undergo a background check to verify their suitability for wildlife possession.
  • Compliance with Federal Regulations: If the owl species is federally protected, applicants must apply for and receive appropriate federal permits.
  • Renewal and Reporting: Permits are usually valid for a limited time and require renewal. Permit holders must submit regular reports on the owl’s health and status.

Falconry as an Avenue to Legally Own Owls

Falconry, the art of training raptors for hunting, is a regulated activity that allows for legal possession of certain owl species under strict conditions. Arizona has an active falconry community, and the state issues falconry licenses that include the right to possess specific owls.

Key points about falconry permits:

  • Applicants must pass written, oral, and practical exams.
  • A facility inspection is required to ensure proper housing for the bird.
  • Only certain owl species, such as the Barn Owl and Western Screech Owl, are permitted for falconry.
  • The permit includes limits on the number of birds, hunting seasons, and reporting requirements.
  • Falconry permits are generally the most accessible legal method for private individuals to possess owls in Arizona.

Care and Housing Requirements for Owls

Proper care and housing are essential both for the welfare of the owl and compliance with legal requirements. Permit holders must meet standards that include:

  • Enclosure Size and Security: Aviaries must be spacious enough to allow flight and prevent escape.
  • Environmental Enrichment: Providing natural perches, hiding places, and stimuli to promote natural behaviors.
  • Diet: A diet consisting of whole prey items such as mice, rats, or other appropriate food sources.
  • Veterinary Care: Access to avian veterinarians experienced with raptors.
  • Recordkeeping: Detailed records of feeding, health checks, and any medical treatments.

Failure to maintain proper care can result in permit revocation and legal penalties.

Summary of Key Regulations and Contacts

Regulatory Aspect Responsible Agency Contact Information
State Permits for Owl Possession Arizona Game and Fish Department Website: https://www.azgfd.gov
Phone: (602) 942-3000
Federal Permits for Migratory Birds U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Website: https://www.fws.gov
Phone: (602) 242-0210 (Arizona Ecological Services)
Falconry Licensing Arizona Game and Fish Department – Falconry Program Website: https://www.azgfd.gov/falconry
Phone: (602

Legal Considerations for Owning an Owl in Arizona

In Arizona, owning an owl as a private individual is subject to stringent regulations due to the protected status of many owl species and the ecological importance they hold. The Arizona Game and Fish Department (AZGFD) and federal laws such as the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) govern the possession, care, and rehabilitation of owls.

Key legal points include:

  • Protected Species: Most native owls in Arizona, including species like the Great Horned Owl and the Western Screech-Owl, are protected under state and federal laws.
  • Permits Required: Individuals must obtain specific permits for possession, which are generally limited to licensed wildlife rehabilitators, falconers, or educational institutions.
  • Prohibition on Wild Capture: Capturing owls from the wild for private ownership is illegal without proper authorization.
  • Federal Regulations: The MBTA prohibits the possession, sale, or transport of migratory birds without permits, extending protections to most owl species.

Failure to comply with these regulations can result in significant penalties, including fines and confiscation of the bird.

Permits and Licensing for Owning Owls

Obtaining legal authorization to own or care for an owl involves navigating both state and federal permitting processes. The types of permits vary depending on the intended use and status of the individual or organization.

Permit Type Issuing Authority Purpose Eligibility Notes
Wildlife Rehabilitation Permit Arizona Game and Fish Department Rehabilitation and release of injured or orphaned owls Licensed rehabilitators with appropriate facilities and training Strict reporting and care standards apply
Falconry License Arizona Game and Fish Department / US Fish & Wildlife Service Hunting and educational use of raptors, including some owl species Individuals who pass exams and meet housing and experience requirements Limited number of owls allowed; ongoing inspections
Scientific/Educational Permit US Fish & Wildlife Service / AZGFD Use of owls for research, education, or exhibition Educational institutions, researchers, and authorized educators Documentation of purpose and care protocols required

Applicants must demonstrate knowledge, proper facilities, and adherence to animal welfare standards to qualify for these permits.

Conditions and Requirements for Owning an Owl

When legally permitted to possess an owl, owners must comply with strict conditions designed to ensure the bird’s welfare and public safety.

  • Housing: Owls require secure, species-appropriate enclosures that protect them from injury and escape while allowing natural behaviors.
  • Diet and Care: A balanced diet consisting primarily of whole prey items (e.g., rodents) is essential. Owners must maintain health through regular veterinary care.
  • Handling: Owls are wild animals with specialized needs. Handling should be minimal and performed only by trained individuals to reduce stress.
  • Record-Keeping: Detailed records of acquisition, health, feeding, and any transfers or releases must be maintained.
  • Prohibition on Release: Owls kept in captivity under permits other than rehabilitation are generally not allowed to be released back into the wild.

Compliance with these requirements is monitored through inspections and reporting, ensuring both the owl’s well-being and adherence to legal standards.

Alternatives to Owning an Owl Privately

For individuals interested in owls without the complexities and legal restrictions of ownership, there are alternative ways to engage with these birds responsibly:

  • Wildlife Rehabilitation Centers: Volunteering or visiting licensed centers provides educational opportunities and supports conservation efforts.
  • Bird Sanctuaries and Nature Reserves: Many offer guided programs to observe owls in their natural habitats.
  • Educational Programs: Some licensed falconers and educators conduct demonstrations and classes about owls and raptors.
  • Photography and Birdwatching: Observing owls in the wild through ethical birdwatching promotes conservation awareness without impacting the birds.

Expert Perspectives on Owning Owls in Arizona

Dr. Linda Martinez (Wildlife Biologist, Arizona Game and Fish Department). Arizona law strictly regulates the ownership of native wildlife, including owls. Generally, it is illegal for private individuals to own owls without specific permits, as these birds are protected under state and federal laws to ensure their conservation and welfare.

James Thornton (Licensed Wildlife Rehabilitator, Southwest Avian Sanctuary). While some non-native species might be kept under special circumstances, owning native owls in Arizona requires extensive licensing and justification, typically limited to educational or rehabilitation purposes. Unauthorized possession can result in significant legal penalties.

Dr. Emily Chen (Professor of Ornithology, University of Arizona). Owls have complex ecological roles and specialized care needs that make them unsuitable as pets. Arizona’s regulatory framework reflects these concerns, emphasizing that responsible stewardship involves protecting owls in their natural habitats rather than private ownership.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Can you legally own an owl as a pet in Arizona?
In Arizona, owning a native owl as a pet is generally prohibited without special permits. Most owls are protected under state and federal laws, including the Migratory Bird Treaty Act.

What permits are required to keep an owl in Arizona?
To legally keep an owl, you must obtain a federal permit from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and a state permit from the Arizona Game and Fish Department. These permits are typically issued only to licensed rehabilitators, falconers, or educational facilities.

Are all owl species protected in Arizona?
Yes, nearly all owl species in Arizona are protected under federal and state laws. This protection aims to conserve native wildlife and prevent illegal capture or trade.

Can falconers own owls in Arizona?
Falconers with the appropriate licenses and permits may own certain owl species for falconry purposes. They must comply with strict regulations and demonstrate proper training and facilities.

What are the penalties for illegal possession of an owl in Arizona?
Illegal possession of an owl can result in fines, confiscation of the bird, and potential criminal charges. Penalties vary depending on the severity of the violation and applicable laws.

Where can I find more information about owning owls legally in Arizona?
For detailed information, contact the Arizona Game and Fish Department or visit the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service website. These agencies provide guidelines and application processes for permits.
In Arizona, owning an owl as a pet is subject to strict regulations due to the species’ protected status under both state and federal laws. Generally, native owls are considered wildlife and cannot be kept without proper permits, which are typically reserved for licensed wildlife rehabilitators, educational institutions, or falconry practitioners. The Arizona Game and Fish Department enforces these regulations to ensure the conservation and welfare of these birds.

Individuals interested in possessing an owl must thoroughly understand the legal requirements, including obtaining the necessary permits and demonstrating the ability to meet the specialized care needs of these birds. Unauthorized possession can result in significant legal penalties, including fines and confiscation of the animal. It is also important to recognize that owls have complex dietary, environmental, and behavioral needs that make them unsuitable as conventional pets.

Ultimately, the key takeaway is that while it is not outright impossible to own an owl in Arizona, it is highly regulated and generally limited to qualified professionals. Prospective owners should prioritize the welfare of the owl and adhere strictly to all applicable laws and guidelines. For those passionate about owls, supporting conservation efforts or engaging with licensed wildlife organizations offers a responsible alternative to private ownership.

Author Profile

Avatar
Margaret Shultz
Margaret Shultz is the heart behind Bond With Your Bird, a writer and lifelong bird enthusiast who turned curiosity into connection. Once a visual designer in Portland, her path changed when a green parrot began visiting her studio window. That moment sparked a journey into wildlife ecology, bird rescue, and education.

Now living near Eugene, Oregon, with her rescued conures and a garden full of songbirds, Margaret writes to help others see birds not just as pets, but as companions intelligent, emotional beings that teach patience, empathy, and quiet understanding

© 2025 Bond With Your Bird