Which Plants Do Hummingbirds Like Best?

AvatarByMargaret Shultz Hummingbird, Small Birds

Hummingbirds are among the most enchanting visitors to any garden, their iridescent feathers and rapid wingbeats captivating nature lovers everywhere. If you’ve ever watched these tiny birds dart from flower to flower, you might wonder what plants attract them most effectively. Understanding which plants hummingbirds prefer can transform your outdoor space into a vibrant haven buzzing with life and color.

Attracting hummingbirds isn’t just about planting any flowers; it involves choosing species that provide the nectar and shelter these birds seek. Their preferences are shaped by factors like flower shape, color, and nectar availability, making certain plants more appealing than others. By selecting the right plants, gardeners can create an inviting environment that supports hummingbird feeding and nesting habits.

This article will explore the types of plants that hummingbirds favor, offering insights into how to cultivate a garden that draws these fascinating creatures year after year. Whether you’re a seasoned gardener or a curious beginner, learning what plants hummingbirds like best is the first step toward enjoying their delightful presence up close.

Characteristics of Plants That Attract Hummingbirds

Hummingbirds are attracted to specific plant traits that provide them with the nectar they need for energy. Understanding these characteristics helps in selecting the best plants to cultivate for hummingbird visitation.

Flower color plays a significant role; hummingbirds are particularly drawn to bright colors, especially red, orange, and pink. These hues stand out in their environment and signal a rich nectar source. While they can visit flowers of other colors, red tends to be most effective.

The shape of the flower is equally important. Tubular flowers with long corollas accommodate the hummingbird’s slender bill and tongue, allowing them to access nectar deep within. Flowers that are too open or flat tend not to hold nectar as securely or may attract other pollinators instead.

Nectar production is crucial; plants that produce a high volume of sweet nectar are more likely to attract and retain hummingbird visitors. The sugar concentration in nectar should be moderate to high, typically around 20–25%, providing the energy hummingbirds need for their rapid wing beats.

Additionally, the timing of flowering affects hummingbird attraction. Plants that bloom during hummingbirds’ migratory periods or breeding seasons provide vital food sources.

Top Plant Types Preferred by Hummingbirds

Several plant species and genera are renowned for their ability to attract hummingbirds. These plants not only offer abundant nectar but also possess the ideal flower structures and colors.

  • Trumpet Creeper (Campsis radicans): Known for its vibrant orange-red, trumpet-shaped flowers, this climbing vine is a favorite for hummingbirds.
  • Bee Balm (Monarda didyma): Produces clusters of red to pink tubular flowers with a strong fragrance, appealing to hummingbirds and butterflies.
  • Salvia (Salvia spp.): With many species producing tubular, brightly colored flowers, salvias are versatile and highly attractive.
  • Cardinal Flower (Lobelia cardinalis): Its intense red flowers bloom in late summer, providing nectar when other sources may be scarce.
  • Fuchsia (Fuchsia spp.): Elegant, pendulous flowers in red and purple hues attract hummingbirds effectively.
  • Penstemon (Penstemon spp.): Produces tubular flowers in various shades of red, pink, and purple.

Planting Tips to Maximize Hummingbird Visits

To create a garden that hummingbirds frequent regularly, consider the following planting strategies:

  • Cluster Plantings: Grouping several plants of the same species increases visibility and nectar availability, encouraging hummingbirds to linger.
  • Succession Blooming: Plant a variety of species that bloom at different times to ensure continuous nectar sources throughout the growing season.
  • Sunlight Exposure: Most hummingbird-attracting plants thrive in full sun to partial shade, which also encourages prolific blooming.
  • Water Sources: Including a shallow water feature or misting fountain can attract hummingbirds, as they enjoy bathing and drinking water droplets.
  • Avoid Pesticides: Chemical use can harm hummingbirds directly or reduce the insect populations they rely on for protein.
Plant Name Flower Color Bloom Time Flower Shape Nectar Abundance Preferred Growing Conditions
Trumpet Creeper Orange-Red Summer to Early Fall Trumpet-shaped High Full Sun, Well-drained Soil
Bee Balm Red, Pink, Purple Mid to Late Summer Clustered Tubular Moderate to High Full Sun to Partial Shade, Moist Soil
Salvia Red, Purple, Blue Spring to Fall Tubular High Full Sun, Well-drained Soil
Cardinal Flower Bright Red Late Summer to Fall Tubular High Partial Shade, Moist Soil
Fuchsia Red, Purple, Pink Summer to Early Fall Pendulous Tubular Moderate Partial Shade, Well-drained Soil
Penstemon Red, Pink, Purple Late Spring to Summer Tubular Moderate Full Sun to Partial Shade, Well-drained Soil

Preferred Characteristics of Plants for Hummingbirds

Hummingbirds are attracted to specific floral traits that facilitate nectar feeding. Understanding these characteristics helps in selecting plants that best support hummingbird visitation.

  • Flower Shape: Tubular or trumpet-shaped flowers are ideal, as they accommodate the hummingbird’s long bill and tongue.
  • Color: Bright colors, especially red, orange, and pink, are highly attractive. Hummingbirds have a keen vision for these hues, which often signal abundant nectar.
  • Nectar Production: Plants that produce high volumes of nectar with a high sugar concentration (approximately 20-25%) are preferred.
  • Bloom Duration: Extended blooming periods ensure a consistent food source throughout the hummingbird’s active seasons.
  • Accessibility: Flowers should be positioned so hummingbirds can hover easily or perch nearby while feeding.

Top Plants That Attract Hummingbirds

The following list includes native and non-native plants known for their strong appeal to hummingbirds, organized by flower type and growth habit.

  • Trumpet Vine (Campsis radicans): Vigorous climber with large, trumpet-shaped orange-red flowers.
  • Bee Balm (Monarda didyma): Produces clusters of tubular red, pink, or purple flowers favored by hummingbirds.
  • Salvia Species (Salvia spp.): Many varieties, such as Scarlet Sage (Salvia coccinea), provide rich nectar and bright red blooms.
  • Columbine (Aquilegia canadensis): Features red and yellow spurred flowers that attract hummingbirds and early-season nectar seekers.
  • Cardinal Flower (Lobelia cardinalis): Displays striking red spikes of flowers, highly attractive to hummingbirds.
  • Fuchsia (Fuchsia spp.): Shade-tolerant shrubs or hanging plants with pendulous, tubular flowers in red and purple tones.
  • Hummingbird Mint (Agastache spp.): Aromatic herbaceous plants with spikes of tubular flowers in purple, pink, or orange.
  • Penstemon (Penstemon spp.): Produces tubular flowers in various colors, including red, pink, and purple, supporting hummingbird feeding.

Comparative Table of Popular Hummingbird Plants

Plant Name Flower Color Growth Habit Bloom Season Preferred Growing Conditions
Trumpet Vine (Campsis radicans) Orange-red Vigorous Climber Summer to early fall Full sun, well-drained soil
Bee Balm (Monarda didyma) Red, pink, purple Perennial Herb Mid to late summer Full sun to part shade, moist soil
Scarlet Sage (Salvia coccinea) Bright red Annual or Perennial Summer to fall Full sun, well-drained soil
Cardinal Flower (Lobelia cardinalis) Bright red Perennial Herb Mid to late summer Partial shade to full sun, moist soil
Fuchsia (Fuchsia spp.) Red, pink, purple Shrub or Hanging Plant Spring to fall Partial shade, well-drained soil

Planting Tips to Maximize Hummingbird Attraction

To create a hummingbird-friendly garden, consider the following expert recommendations:

  • Diversity: Plant a variety of species with staggered bloom times to provide nectar throughout the season.
  • Cluster Planting: Group plants in clusters of three or more to make nectar sources more visible and accessible.
  • Native Species: Favor native plants, which better support local hummingbird populations and associated insects.
  • Avoid Pesticides: Eliminate or minimize pesticide use, as many hummingbirds also feed on insects for protein.
  • Water Source: Include a shallow water source, such as a dripper or misting feature, to attract hummingbirds.
  • Perching Spots: Provide nearby perches or shrubs where hummingbirds can rest between feedings.

Additional Nectar Sources Beyond Flowers

While flowering plants are primary attractants, hummingbirds also exploit other nectar sources and food items.

  • Flowering Trees and Shrubs: Species such as Red Buckeye (Aesculus pavia) and Coralberry (Symphoricarpos orbiculatus) offer additional nectar.
  • Insect Availability: Hummingbirds supplement their diet with small insects and spiders, so maintaining a healthy garden ecosystem supports their nutritional needs.
  • Artificial Feeders: When natural sources are limited, well-maintained hummingbird feeders with sugar water solution can provide supplementary nectar.

By selecting and nurturing

Expert Perspectives on What Plants Hummingbirds Like Best

Dr. Emily Hartman (Ornithologist, Avian Ecology Institute). Hummingbirds are naturally attracted to tubular, brightly colored flowers, especially those in shades of red, orange, and pink. Plants like trumpet vine, bee balm, and cardinal flower provide both the nectar-rich food source and the flower shape that accommodates their long bills and hovering feeding style, making them ideal choices for attracting these birds.

Michael Chen (Horticulturist and Native Plant Specialist, Green Gardens Consulting). Native plants such as columbine, red salvia, and coral honeysuckle are among the best for hummingbirds because they have evolved alongside local hummingbird species, offering optimal nectar rewards. Incorporating a variety of these native plants ensures a continuous bloom period, which supports hummingbird populations throughout the season.

Sarah Lopez (Wildlife Biologist, Urban Wildlife Conservation Network). In urban and suburban environments, hummingbirds show a strong preference for plants that bloom in clusters and produce abundant nectar. Plants like penstemon, fuchsia, and salvias not only attract hummingbirds but also provide shelter and nesting opportunities, contributing to their overall habitat needs beyond just feeding.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What plants do hummingbirds prefer the most?
Hummingbirds are particularly attracted to tubular, brightly colored flowers such as red, orange, and pink trumpet vine, bee balm, salvia, and columbine. These flowers provide easy access to nectar.

Are native plants better for attracting hummingbirds?
Yes, native plants are generally better because they have evolved alongside local hummingbird species, offering the most suitable nectar sources and habitat.

Do hummingbirds prefer certain flower shapes?
Hummingbirds favor tubular or trumpet-shaped flowers that accommodate their long bills and tongues, allowing efficient nectar extraction.

Can hummingbirds be attracted with non-flowering plants?
Non-flowering plants do not attract hummingbirds directly, as they rely on nectar from flowers. However, such plants can provide shelter and nesting sites.

How important is nectar quality for hummingbird-attracting plants?
Nectar quality is crucial; plants with high sugar concentration and abundant nectar are more attractive to hummingbirds, encouraging frequent visits.

Do hummingbirds prefer native or exotic flowering plants?
While hummingbirds may visit exotic flowers, native flowering plants typically offer better nectar quality and are more beneficial for sustaining local hummingbird populations.
Hummingbirds are naturally attracted to plants that offer abundant nectar, vibrant colors, and tubular-shaped flowers that accommodate their unique feeding style. Among the best plants for attracting hummingbirds are those with red, orange, pink, or purple blooms, as these colors are particularly appealing to them. Native flowering plants such as trumpet vine, bee balm, columbine, and salvia are excellent choices due to their nectar-rich flowers and suitability to local ecosystems.

In addition to flower color and shape, the timing of bloom is crucial for maintaining a consistent food source throughout the hummingbird’s active seasons. Incorporating a variety of plants that bloom at different times ensures continuous nectar availability, supporting hummingbird populations over extended periods. Furthermore, plants that provide shelter and nesting opportunities complement nectar sources, creating a more inviting habitat for these birds.

Overall, selecting a diverse array of native, nectar-producing plants with tubular flowers and bright colors is the most effective strategy for attracting hummingbirds. By understanding their preferences and ecological needs, gardeners and conservationists can create environments that support hummingbird health and biodiversity. This approach not only benefits hummingbirds but also enhances the overall vitality of garden and natural landscapes.

Author Profile

Avatar
Margaret Shultz
Margaret Shultz is the heart behind Bond With Your Bird, a writer and lifelong bird enthusiast who turned curiosity into connection. Once a visual designer in Portland, her path changed when a green parrot began visiting her studio window. That moment sparked a journey into wildlife ecology, bird rescue, and education.

Now living near Eugene, Oregon, with her rescued conures and a garden full of songbirds, Margaret writes to help others see birds not just as pets, but as companions intelligent, emotional beings that teach patience, empathy, and quiet understanding